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Wayzata World Factbook 1996
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The World Factbook - 1996 Edition - Wayzata Technology (3079) (1996).iso
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terror
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FARC
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Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)
Description
Established in 1966 as military wing of Colombian Communist Party. Goal is
to overthrow government and ruling class. Organized along military lines;
includes at least one urban front.
Activities
Armed attacks against Colombian political and military targets. Many
members have become criminals, carrying out kidnappings for profit and bank
robberies. Foreign citizens often are targets of FARC kidnappings. Group
traffics in drugs and has welldocumented ties to narcotraffickers.
Strength
Approximately 4,500 to 5,500 armed combatants and an unknown number of
supporters, mostly in rural areas.
Location/Area of Operation
Colombia.
External Aid
None.
31 January 1993
Panama
A large group of FARC terrorists from Colombia kidnapped three U.S.
missionaries from the New Tribes Mission at a location near the Colombian
border. The missionaries are Mark Rich, David Mankins, and Rick Tenenoff. A
five million dollar ransom has been demanded; FARC produced proof that the
three missionaries were still alive in December through taped messages from
the hostages to their wives. FARC is still holding the hostages.
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SELECTED INCIDENT CHRONOLOGY
FEBRUARY, 1977:
KIDNAPPED A U.S. PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEER DURING AN ATTACK ON LA MACARENA.
THE VICTIM WAS RELEASED THREE YEARS LATER AFTER A $250,000 RANSOM WAS
REPORTEDLY PAID.
AUGUST, 1980:
KIDNAPPED A U.S. CITIZEN FROM HIS BANANA PLANTATION IN CENTRAL COLOMBIA.
HE WAS RELEASED THREE MONTHS LATER AFTER A REPORTED RANSOM OF $125,000
WAS PAID.
APRIL, 1983:
KIDNAPPED A U.S. CITIZEN FROM HER FARM IN SOUTHERN META DEPARTMENT.
FEBRUARY, 1985:
BOMBED SEVEN BUSINESSES IN A MIDNIGHT ATTACK IN MEDELLIN, INCLUDING IBM,
GENERAL TELEPHONE AND ELECTRONICS, UNION CARBIDE, AND XEROX.
AUGUST, 1985:
KIDNAPPED FOUR ENGINEERS AND THIRTY WORKERS OF A CONSTRUCTION FIRM IN
HUILA DEPARTMENT.
OCTOBER, 1985:
KIDNAPPED FOUR MISSIONARIES. THE FARC MET WITH A DELEGATION FROM THE
GOVERNMENT'S PEACE COMMISSION AND AGREED TO FREE THE HOSTAGES.
DECEMBER, 1985:
KIDNAPPED A VENEZUELAN RANCHER WHO WAS RESCUED BY THE VENEZUELAN POLICE
IN FEBRUARY, 1986. THE SIX KIDNAPPERS WERE KILLED.
JANUARY, 1986:
DEMANDED $100 MILLION FROM THE SHELL OIL COMPANY TO CONTINUE OPERATING
IN THE MAGALEAS VALLEY, BUT THE FIRM SUSPENDED ITS OPERATIONS IN
THE REGION INSTEAD OF MEETING THE EXTORTION DEMAND.
FEBRUARY, 1986:
ATTACKED THE TOWN OF RION SUCIO IN THE NORTHERN CHOCO DEPARTMENT,
KILLING ONE POLICE OFFICER AND WOUNDING ANOTHER. DESTROYED THREE
BUILDINGS.
NOVEMBER, 1986:
THE REMAINS OF SOME 100 MEN, WOMEN, AND CHILDREN WERE FOUND IN A
MASS GRAVE IN TURBO; THEY WERE THOUGHT TO HAVE BEEN MURDERED BY THE
FARC.
APRIL, 1987:
KIDNAPPED SEVEN EMPLOYEES OF A RANCHER IN BOGOTA; ONE BODY WAS
FOUND LATER.
JUNE, 1987:
IN VIOLATION OF A TRUCE, THE FARC AMBUSHED AN ARMY ROAD BUILDING
CREW KILLING TWENTY-SEVEN.
DECEMBER, 1987:
APPROXIMATELY FIFTY FARC MEMBERS ATTACKED THE TOWN OF GAITANIA,
KILLING TWO POLICE OFFICERS AND WOUNDING FIVE. THE FARC USED
GRENADES, AUTOMATIC WEAPONS, LIGHT ANTITANK ROCKETS, AND MOLOTOV
COCKTAILS.
JANUARY, 1988:
TWO HUNDRED MILES SOUTHWEST OF BOGOTA, FORTY FARC MEMBERS HIJACKED
A HELICOPTER OPERATED BY A COLOMBIAN AIR CHARTER SERVICE AND
CHARTERED BY A U.S. OIL EXPLORATION COMPANY. THE COMPANY WAS
FORCED TO PAY RANSOM AND TO TEMPORARILY CLOSE ITS EXPLORATION CAMP.
OCTOBER, 1988:
ATTACK ON TOWNS IN A JOINT OPERATION WITH THE ELN (NATIONAL
LIBERATION ARMY). THREE POLICEMEN AND ONE CIVILIAN KILLED. A NUN,
PRIEST, AND FIFTEEN POLICEMEN WERE KIDNAPPED.
NOVEMBER, 1988:
TOWN ATTACKED IN A JOINT OPERATION WITH M-19 (APRIL 19 MOVEMENT).
NOVEMBER, 1988:
CLAIMED RESPONSIBILITY FOR AN ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION OF THE
COLOMBIAN MINISTER OF DEFENSE. A REMOTE CONTROLLED BOMB DESTROYED
A TRUCK CARRYING THE MINISTER'S BODYGUARDS, KILLING THREE AND
INJURING TWO. THE MINISTER WAS UNHURT.
DECEMBER, 1988:
TOWN ATTACKED. ONE POLICE OFFICER, ONE CIVILIAN, AND TWO FARC
MEMBERS KILLED.
FEBRUARY, 1989:
TOWN ATTACKED IN A JOINT OPERATION WITH THE NATIONAL LIBERATION
ARMY (ELN) AND THE POPULAR LIBERATION ARMY (EPL). FIVE POLICEMEN
WERE KILLED AND ELEVEN POLICE OFFICERS WERE KIDNAPPED.
APRIL, 1989:
TOWN ATTACKED. SIX CIVILIANS KILLED.
MAY, 1989:
TOWN ATTACKED. TWO CIVILIANS SOUGHT OUT AND MURDERED. ANOTHER
CIVILIAN KILLED.
OCTOBER, 1989:
TOWN ATTACKED IN JOINT OPERATION WITH THE NATIONAL LIBERATION ARMY
(ELN). TWO JAIL INMATES MURDERED IN A SETTLING OF SCORES, POLICE
ATTACKED, HELICOPTER DELIVERING MONEY TO BANK SHOT DOWN, MONEY
STOLEN.
OCTOBER, 1990:
TOWN ATTACKED AND OCCUPIED. FARC TOOK OVER THE TOWN WITHOUT
RESISTANCE AFTER POLICE FLED. MURDERED THE MAYOR AND HIS BROTHER.
NOVEMBER, 1990:
TWO TOWNS ATTACKED IN A JOINT OPERATION WITH THE NATIONAL
LIBERATION ARMY (ELN). NINE SOLDIERS AND FIFTEEN FARC REBELS WERE
KILLED.
DECEMBER, 1990:
ATTACKED AN OIL EXPLORATION CAMP, DESTROYING A HELICOPTER AND
DRILLING EQUIPMENT.
DECEMBER, 1990:
SEIZED AN AIRCRAFT SHORTLY AFTER IT LANDED AT A SMALL TOWN, FORCED
THE PASSENGERS AND CREW TO DEPLANE AND BURNED THE PLANE.
DECEMBER, 1990:
KIDNAPPED TWO SWISS CITIZENS AND A COLOMBIAN PHYSICIAN IN META
DEPARTMENT. ALL WERE RELEASED TWO WEEKS LATER WITH A MESSAGE TO
THE GOVERNMENT.
DECEMBER, 1990:
KIDNAPPED TWO COLOMBIAN ENGINEERS AT AN OIL PRODUCTION CAMP. THEY
WERE RELEASED TWO DAYS LATER WITH A MESSAGE FOR THE GOVERNMENT.
JANUARY, 1991:
BOMBED FIVE OIL PIPELINES.
JANUARY, 1991:
HIJACKED A HELICOPTER LEASED BY A U.S. OIL EXPLORATION FIRM.
THE PILOT AND THE AIRCRAFT WERE RETURNED.
JANUARY, 1991:
STAGED A JOINT ATTACK WITH THE NATIONAL LIBERATION ARMY (ELN) ON A
MAJOR COLOMBIA-FRENCH CONSTRUCTION PROJECT NEAR SEGOVIA. FORTY
VEHICLES AND PIECES OF HEAVY MACHINERY WERE DESTROYED, THE CAMP'S
SECURITY CHIEF WAS KILLED AND THREE FRENCH ENGINEERS WERE
KIDNAPPED (RELEASED IN JULY, 1991).
FEBRUARY, 1991:
CONDUCTED A WAVE OF FIFTY ATTACKS ON TOWNS, ENERGY AND POWER
FACILITIES, BANKS, POLICE, AND MILITARY. AT LEAST FORTY SOLDIERS,
POLICEMEN, CIVILIANS AND INSURGENTS WERE KILLED.
MARCH, 1991:
ATTACKED A VILLAGE, KILLING FIVE POLICEMEN AND A CIVILIAN AND
KIDNAPPING TWELVE POLICE OFFICERS.
MAY, 1991:
AN AMERICAN EXPATRIATE, WHO HAD BEEN KIDNAPPED BY FARC, WAS
MURDERED BY HIS ABDUCTORS DURING AN ATTEMPT BY THE POLICE TO
RESCUE HIM.
JULY, 1991:
THE FARC ATTEMPTED TO ASSASSINATE THE PRESIDENT OF COLOMBIA BY
PLACING AN EXPLOSIVE DEVICE NEAR THE PRESIDENTIAL HELICOPTER'S
LANDING AREA. POLICE DISARMED THE DEVICE. FARC DENIED ITS
INVOLVEMENT.
AUGUST, 1991:
TWO JAPANESE ENGINEERS AT AN OIL PRODUCTION CAMP WERE KIDNAPPED.
THEY WERE RELEASED UNHARMED IN DECEMBER, 1991, FOLLOWING THE
PAYMENT OF A RANSOM.
NOVEMBER, 1991:
A COLOMBIAN JUDICIAL TEAM OF EIGHT PEOPLE, INCLUDING A JUDGE,
WERE LURED TO A RURAL AREA WHERE ONE CAR OF THEIR THREE CAR
CONVOY WAS DESTROYED BY A REMOTELY DETONATED DEVICE AND THE
SURVIVORS SPRAYED WITH MACHINEGUN FIRE
JUNE, 1992:
FARC ISSUED A COMMUNIQUE STATING THAT MULTI-NATIONAL CORPORATIONS
WERE "LEGITIMATE" TARGETS.
JUNE, 1992:
BOMBED THE SPANISH CONSULATE IN BARRANQUILLA, INJURING THE
SPANISH CONSUL GENERAL.
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THE ABOVE INFORMATION WAS DERIVED FROM DEPARTMENT OF STATE, DEFENSE
DEPARTMENT, AND PUBLIC MEDIA SOURCE DOCUMENTS.